Magnetic Devices
Operating Principle:
Iyo yekushandisa musimboti weMagnetic Devices inotamisa torque kubva kumota kumagumo kuenda kumagumo kuburikidza nemhepo gap.Uye hapana hukama pakati pedivi rekutapurirana nedivi remutoro wemidziyo.Iyo yakasimba isingawanzo-yepasi remagineti kune rimwe divi rekutapurirana uye inonyudzwa ikozvino kubva kune kondakita kune rimwe divi inopindirana kugadzira torque.Nekushandura nzvimbo yepakati pemhepo, simba re torsion rinogona kudzorwa nemazvo uye kuti kumhanya kudzorerwe.
Zvigadzirwa Zvakanakira:
Iyo yekusingaperi magineti drive inotsiva kubatana pakati pemota nemutoro ine gap remhepo.Mhepo yemhepo inobvisa kuzunguzika kunokuvadza, inoderedza kupfeka, inovandudza simba remagetsi, inowedzera hupenyu hwemotokari, uye inodzivirira michina kubva mukukuvadzwa kwakanyanya.Mhedzisiro:
Chengetedza simba
Kuvimbika kwakawedzerwa
Deredza mari yekugadzirisa
Kuvandudza maitiro ekutonga
Hapana harmonic kukanganisa kana simba remhando nyaya
Inokwanisa kushanda munzvimbo dzakaoma
The Motor
Samarium cobalt alloy yakashandiswa kune isingawanzo pasi isingaperi magineti mota kubvira 1980s.Zvigadzirwa zvemhando zvinosanganisira: Servo mota, drive mota, mota inotangisa, pasi mauto mota, avhiyesheni mota uye zvichingodaro uye chikamu chechigadzirwa chinotengeswa kunze.Iwo makuru maitiro esamarium cobalt anogara magineti alloy ndeaya:
(1).Iyo demagnetization curve inonyatso mutsara wakatwasuka, mutsetse uri padyo nekupikisisa permeability.Ndiko kuti, mutsara wekudzoreredza unenge wangoenderana neiyo demagnetization curve.
(2).Iyo ine Hcj huru, ine yakasimba kuramba kune demagnetization.
(3).Iyo ine yakakwira (BH) yakakura magineti simba chigadzirwa.
(4).Iyo inodzoreredza tembiricha coefficient idiki kwazvo uye iyo magineti tembiricha kugadzikana kwakanaka.
Nekuda kwehunhu huri pamusoro, iyo isingawanzo pasi samarium cobalt inogara magineti alloy inonyanya kukodzera kushandiswa kweyevhu rakavhurika redunhu, kudzvanywa mamiriro, demagnetizing mamiriro kana simba mamiriro, akakodzera kugadzira diki vhoriyamu zvikamu.
Motokari inogona kukamurwa kuita DC mota uye AC mota zvinoenderana nerudzi rwemagetsi ekupa.
(1).Zvinoenderana nechimiro uye nheyo yekushanda, DC mota inogona kukamurwa kuita:
Brushless DC mota uye brashi DC mota.
Brush DC mota inogona kukamurwa kuita: chisingaperi magineti DC mota uye electromagnetic DC mota.
Electromagnetic DC mota inogona kukamurwa kuita: akateedzana DC mota, shunt DC mota, imwe DC mota uye kompani DC mota.
Permanent magineti DC mota inogona kukamurwa kuita: isingawanzo pasi isingaperi magineti DC mota, ferrite inogara magineti DC mota uye Alnico inogara magineti DC mota.
(2).AC mota inogona zvakare kukamurwa kuita: imwe-chikamu mota uye matatu-chikamu mota.
Electroacoustic
Operating Principle:
Iko kugadzira iyo yazvino kuburikidza nekoiri kuti ibudise magineti, shandisa iyo excitation kunze kweiyo magineti uye yekutanga loudspeaker magineti ekuita kuburitsa vibration.Ndiro rinonyanya kushandiswa gudzanzwi.
Inogona kukamurwa kuita zvikamu zvikuru zvinotevera:
Sitimu yemagetsi: kusanganisira iyo coil yezwi (zvakare iyo coil yemagetsi), iyo coil inowanzogadziriswa neiyo vibration system, kuburikidza nediaphragm kushandura vibration yecoil kuita masaini anonzwika.
Vibration system: kusanganisira firimu rekurira, kureva, nyanga diaphragm, diaphragm.Diaphragm inogona kugadzirwa nezvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana.Zvinogona kutaurwa kuti ruzha rwemhando yegudzanzwi rinonyanya kutsanangurwa nezvinhu uye maitiro ekugadzira diaphragm.
Zvinoenderana neakasiyana ekuisa nzira dzemagineti ayo, anogona kukamurwa kuita:
Magineti ekunze: kuputira magineti kutenderedza izwi coil, saka ita kuti izwi rikure kupfuura magineti.Saizi yekoiri yezwi rekunze inowedzerwa, kuitira kuti iyo diaphragm yekuonana ive yakakura, uye simba riri nani.Iyo yakawedzera saizi yezwi coil zvakare ine yakanyanya kupisa kupisa kwekuita.
Inenner magineti: iyo coil yezwi inovakwa mukati megineti, saka saizi yecoil yezwi idiki zvakanyanya.
Coating Equipment
Nheyo yakakosha yemagnetron sputtering coating equipment ndeyokuti maerekitironi anodhumhana nemaatomu eargon ari mushishi rekumhanyisa kuenda kune substrate pasi pechiito chemunda wemagetsi, obva aita ionize nhamba huru yeargon ions nemaerekitironi, uye maerekitironi anobhururuka achienda kune substrate.Pasi pechiito chemunda wemagetsi, argon ion inomhanyisa kubhomba chinangwa, ichipfapfaidza huwandu hukuru hwemaatomu anonangwa, seatomu anotariswa asina kwaakarerekera (kana mamorekuru) akaiswa pane substrate kugadzira mafirimu.Sekondari erekitironi mukuita kukurumidza kubhururuka kuenda kune substrate yakakanganiswa neMagnetic field lorenzo force, inosungirirwa mukati medunhu replasma padyo nekwainotarirwa, density yeplasma munzvimbo iyi yakakwira zvakanyanya, yechipiri erekitironi pasi pechiito chemagnetic field kutenderera. nzvimbo yakanangwa semafambiro edenderedzwa, erekitironi inofamba nzira yakarebesa, inogara iri argon atomu kudhumhana ionization kunze kwakawanda yeargon ion mukufamba kuenda kune bombardment yechinangwa.Mushure mekudhumhana kunoverengeka, simba remaerekitironi rinodzikira zvishoma nezvishoma, uye anobvisa mitsara yemagineti, kure nekwainotarirwa, uye pakupedzisira inoisa pane substrate.
Magnetron sputtering ndeye kushandisa magineti kusunga nekuwedzera nzira yekufamba kwemaerekitironi, kushandura mafambiro emagetsi, kuvandudza mwero weionization yegasi rinoshanda uye kushandisa nemazvo simba remaerekitironi.Kudyidzana kuri pakati pesimba remagineti nemunda wemagetsi (EXB drift) kunoita kuti maerekitironi ega ega aonekwe mumativi matatu-matatu-kutenderera kwete kungotenderera kutenderera panzvimbo yakatariswa.Kana iri iyo inotariswa pamusoro peiyo circumferential sputtering profile, ndiyo mitsara yemagineti yekwakananga kwainotangira magineti munda ine circumferential chimiro.Nhungamiro yekugovera ine simba guru pakuumbwa kwemafirimu.
Magnetron sputtering inoratidzwa nepamusoro firimu rekugadzira chiyero, yakaderera substrate tembiricha, yakanaka firimu adhesion, uye yakakura nharaunda coating.Iyo tekinoroji inogona kukamurwa kuita DC magnetron sputtering uye RF magnetron sputtering.
Mhepo Power Generation
Permanent magineti mhepo jenareta adopts yakakwirira kushanda sintered NdFeb zvachose magineti, yakakwirira zvakakwana Hcj anogona kudzivisa magineti anorasikirwa magineti patembiricha yakakwirira.Hupenyu hwemagineti hunoenderana neiyo substrate zvinhu uye nepamusoro anti-corrosion kurapwa.Iyo anti-corrosion yeNdFeb magineti inofanira kutanga kubva mukugadzira.
Jenareta hombe isingaperi yemagineti yemhepo inowanzoshandisa zviuru zvemagineti eNdFeb, danda rega rega rerotor rinogadzira akawanda emagineti.Iko kuenderana kwe rotor magineti pole kunoda kuenderana kwemagineti, kusanganisira kuenderana kwedimensional kushivirira uye magineti zvimiro.Kufanana kwemagineti zvinhu kunosanganisira musiyano wemagineti pakati pevanhu idiki uye magineti emhando yemagineti anofanira kunge akafanana.
Kuti uone kufanana kwemagineti yegineti imwe chete, zvinodikanwa kucheka magineti kuita zvidimbu zvidiki zvinoverengeka uye kuyera demagnetization curve yayo.Edza kuti magineti emubatch anowirirana here mukugadzira.Izvo zvinodikanwa kubvisa magineti kubva munzvimbo dzakasiyana muchoto chekupisa semasampuli uye kuyera demagnetization curve yavo.Nekuda kwekuti midziyo yekuyeresa inodhura zvakanyanya, zvinenge zvisingaite kuona kutendeseka kwegineti yega yega iri kuyerwa.Nokudaro, hazvibviri kuita kuongorora kwakakwana kwechigadzirwa.Iko kuenderana kweNdFeb magineti zvivakwa kunofanirwa kuvimbiswa nemidziyo yekugadzira uye maitiro ekugadzirisa.
Industrial Automation
Otomatiki inoreva maitiro ekuti muchina wemidziyo, sisitimu kana maitiro anozadzisa chinangwa chinotarisirwa kuburikidza nekuona otomatiki, kugadzirisa ruzivo, ongororo, kutonga uye kushandura zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa nevanhu pasina kutora chikamu kwakananga kwevanhu kana vanhu vashoma.Automation tekinoroji inoshandiswa zvakanyanya muindasitiri, kurima, mauto, tsvakiridzo yesainzi, zvekufambisa, bhizinesi, kurapwa, sevhisi uye mhuri.Kushandisa tekinoroji tekinoroji hakungogone chete kusunungura vanhu kubva mukushanda kunorema kwemuviri, chikamu chebasa repfungwa uye nehutsinye, nharaunda ine njodzi yekushanda, asi zvakare kuwedzera basa remitezo yemunhu, kuvandudza zvakanyanya kugadzirwa kwevashandi, kuwedzera kugona kwekunzwisisa kwevanhu uye shanduko yemamiriro ekunze. nyika.Naizvozvo, otomatiki chinhu chakakosha uye chiratidzo chakakosha chekuvandudza indasitiri, zvekurima, kudzivirira kwenyika uye sainzi uye tekinoroji.Sechikamu cheiyo otomatiki simba rekupa, magineti ane akakosha chigadzirwa maitiro:
1. Hapana spark, kunyanya yakakodzera nzvimbo dzinoputika;
2. Zvakanaka kuchengetedza simba;
3. Soft kutanga uye kunyorova kumira, yakanaka braking performance
4. Ivhu diki, kugadzirisa kukuru.
Aerospace Field
Rare Earth cast magnesium alloy inonyanya kushandiswa kwenguva refu 200 ~ 300 ℃, ine yakanaka yakakwirira tembiricha simba uye kwenguva refu inokambaira kuramba.Kunyungudika kwezvinhu zvisingawanzoitiki zvepasi mu magnesium zvakasiyana, uye kuwedzera kurongeka ndeye lanthanum, yakasanganiswa isingawanzo pasi, cerium, praseodymium uye neodymium.Pesvedzero yaro yakanaka inowedzerawo pamichaniko zvinhu patembiricha yekamuri uye tembiricha yepamusoro.Mushure mekurapwa kwekupisa, ZM6 alloy ine neodymium sechinhu chikuru chekuwedzera chakagadzirwa neAVIC haingove nemhando yepamusoro yemagetsi patembiricha yekamuri, asi zvakare ine yakanaka yenguva yemagetsi zvimiro uye inokambaira kuramba pakupisa kwakanyanya.Inogona kushandiswa pakamuri tembiricha uye inogona kushandiswa kwenguva yakareba pa250 ℃.Nekutaridzika kweiyo nyowani yakakandwa magnesium alloy ine yttrium corrosion resistance, iyo yakakandwa magnesium alloy yakakurumbira zvakare muindasitiri yendege yekune dzimwe nyika mumakore achangopfuura.
Mushure mekuwedzera huwandu hwakakodzera hweasingawanzo pasi simbi kune magnesium alloys.Kuwedzerwa kwesimbi isingawanzo simbi kune magnesium alloy inogona kuwedzera kuyerera kweiyo alloy, kuderedza microporosity, kunatsiridza kusimba kwemhepo uye zvinoshamisa kuvandudza chiitiko chekupisa kupisa uye porosity, kuitira kuti alloy ichine simba rakawanda uye inokambaira kuramba pa200- 300 ℃.
Rare pasi zvinhu zvinoita basa rakakosha mukuvandudza zvimiro zve superalloys.Superalloys inoshandiswa munzvimbo dzinopisa dzeaeroengines.Nekudaro, iyo imwe kuvandudzwa kweaero-injini kuita ishoma nekuda kwekudzikira kweiyo oxidation kuramba, corrosion resistance uye simba pakupisa kwakanyanya.
Midziyo Yemumba
Domestic Appliance inonyanya kureva marudzi ese emidziyo yemagetsi neyemagetsi inoshandiswa mudzimba nenzvimbo dzakafanana.Zivai zvakare semidziyo yemagetsi, midziyo yemumba.Domestic Appliance inosunungura vanhu kubva kune inorema, diki uye inopedza nguva basa remumba, kugadzira yakasununguka uye yakanaka, inogonesa hutano hwepanyama uye hwepfungwa yenzvimbo yekugara uye yekushanda yenzvimbo yekushanda yevanhu, uye inopa akapfuma uye ane mavara evaraidzo mamiriro, yave kukosha kwehupenyu hwemhuri hwemazuva ano.
Midziyo yemumba ine ingangoita zana renhoroondo, iyo United States inoonekwa senzvimbo yekuzvarwa yemidziyo yemumba.Kukura kwemidziyo yemumba inosiyana nyika nenyika, uye nyika haisati yagadzira chikamu chakabatana chemidziyo yemumba.Mune dzimwe nyika, midziyo yokuvhenekesa yakanyorwa semidziyo yemumba, uye midziyo yokuteerera nemavhidhiyo yakanyorwa semidziyo yetsika neyokuvaraidza, iyo inosanganisirawo matoyi emagetsi.
Zuva nezuva zvakajairika: Gonhi pamusuwo wepamberi rinosveta, mota mukati mekiyi yemagetsi gonhi, sensors, TV seti, magineti mitsetse pamagonhi efiriji, yakakwirira-yekupedzisira variable frequency compressor mota, air conditioner compressor mota, fan mota, komputa hard drive, vatauri, headset speaker, range hood mota, washing machine mota zvichingodaro vachashandisa magineti.
Automobile Industry
Kubva pamaonero echeni yeindasitiri, 80% yezvicherwa zvepasi zvisingawanzogadzirwa zvinogadzirwa kuita zvechigarire magineti kuburikidza nemigodhi uye kunyungudutsa uye kugadzirisa zvakare.Permanent magineti zvinhu zvinonyanya kushandiswa mumaindasitiri emagetsi matsva senge mota yemotokari nyowani simba uye jenareta remhepo.Naizvozvo, isingawanzo pasi sechinhu chakakosha simba idzva simbi yakwezva pfungwa dzakawanda.
Zvinonzi mota yakajairika ine zvikamu zvinopfuura makumi matatu zvakashandiswa zvisingawanzo pasi magineti, uye mota yepamusoro-soro inodarika zvikamu makumi manomwe zvinoda kushandisa zvisingawanzo pasi zvechigarire magineti zvinhu, kupedzisa dzakasiyana siyana dzekudzora zviito.
"Mota yemhando yepamusoro inoda inosvika 0.5kg-3.5kg yezvinhu zvisingawanzo gineti zvepasi, uye huwandu uhu hwakatokura kune mota itsva dzesimba. Imwe neimwe yakasanganiswa inoshandisa 5kg NdFeb kupfuura mota yakajairika. Rare earth permanent magnet motor inotsiva mota yechinyakare shandisa zvinopfuura 5-10kg NdFeb mumotokari dzemagetsi dzakachena. “Mutori wechikamu muindasitiri akataura.
Panyaya yezana rekutengesa muzana muna 2020, mota dzemagetsi dzakachena dzinoita 81.57%, uye dzimwe dzese imotokari dzakasanganiswa.Maererano neiyi reshiyo, motokari itsva dzine simba dzine 10 000 dzichada anenge matani 47 ezvinhu zvisingawanzoitiki, anenge matani 25 kupfuura motokari dzemafuta.
New Energy Sector
Isu tese tine nzwisiso yekutanga yemagetsi matsva mota.Mabhatiri, mota uye magetsi ekudzora akakosha kune nyowani simba mota.Iyo mota inoita basa rakafanana neinjini yemagetsi echinyakare mota, iyo yakaenzana nemoyo wemota, nepo bhatiri remagetsi rakaenzana nemafuta neropa remota, uye chikamu chinonyanya kukosha chekugadzirwa kweiyo. mota inyika isingawanzo.Iwo makuru ezvigadzirwa zvekugadzira zvemazuva ano super asingagumi magineti zvinhu ndeNeodymium, Samarium, Praseodymium, Dysprosium zvichingodaro.NdFeb ine 4-10 nguva yakakwira magineti pane yakajairwa magineti zvinhu, uye inozivikanwa se "mambo weanogara magineti".
Rare Earths inogonawo kuwanikwa muzvikamu zvakaita semabhatiri emagetsi.Ikozvino yakajairika ternary lithium mabhatiri, zita rayo rakazara ndi " Ternary Material Battery ", kazhinji inoreva kushandisa nickel cobalt manganese acid lithium (Li (NiCoMn) O2, inotsvedza) lithium nickel kana cobalt aluminate (NCA) ternary positive electrode zvinhu zve lithium bhatiri. .Gadzira Nickel Munyu, Cobalt Munyu, Manganese Munyu sezvikamu zvitatu zvakasiyana zvezvigadziriso zvakasiyana, saka vakadaidza "Ternary".
Kana zviri zvekuwedzera kwezvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvepasi kune iyo yakanaka electrode yeternary lithium bhatiri, mhedzisiro yekutanga inoratidza kuti, nekuda kwehukuru husingawanzo zvinhu zvepasi, zvimwe zvinhu zvinogona kuita kuti bhatiri richaji uye kuburitsa nekukurumidza, hupenyu hwesevhisi hurefu, bhatiri rakagadzikana. yakashandiswa, nezvimwewo, zvinogona kuonekwa kuti isingawanzo pasi lithium bhatiri inotarisirwa kuva simba guru rechizvarwa chitsva chebhatiri remagetsi.Saka nyika isingawanzo chombo chemashiripiti chezvikamu zvakakosha zvemotokari.
Zvishandiso Zvekurapa Nezviridzwa
Panyaya yezviridzwa zvekurapa, laser banga yakagadzirwa nelaser zvinhu ine isingawanzo pasi inogona kushandiswa pakuvhiya kwakanaka, optical fiber yakagadzirwa nelanthanum girazi inogona kushandiswa senzira yemwenje, inogona kunyatsoona maronda emudumbu emunhu.Chinhu chisingawanikwe pasi ytterbium chinogona kushandiswa kuongorora uropi uye kufungidzira kwekamuri.X-ray intensifying screen yakaita rudzi rutsva rwepasi risingawanzo fluorescent zvinhu, zvichienzaniswa nekutanga kushandiswa kwe calcium tungstate intensifying screen shooting 5 ~ 8 times high performance, uye inogona kupfupisa nguva yekuonekwa, kuderedza muviri wemunhu nemwaranzi dose, kupfura kune. yakave yakagadziridzwa zvakanyanya kujeka, shandisa huwandu hwakakodzera hweasingawanzo pasi skrini inogona kuisa yakawanda yakaoma yepakutanga kuongororwa kwekuchinja kwepathological kunyatsoongororwa.
Kushandiswa kwezvinhu zvisingawanzoitiki zvemagineti zvepasi zvakagadzirwa nemagnetic resonance imaging (MRI) tekinoroji nyowani yakashandiswa muma1980s midziyo yekurapa, inoshandisa yakakura yakagadzikana yunifomu yemagineti kutumira pulse wave kumuviri wemunhu, kuita kuti muviri wemunhu uburitse resonance hydrogen atomu. uye kutora simba, uye pakarepo yakavhara magnetic field.Kuburitswa kwemaatomu ehydrogen kunotora simba.Sezvo kugoverwa kwehydrogen mumuviri wemunhu sangano rega rega rakasiyana, kusunungura simba rehurefu hwakasiyana hwenguva, kuburikidza nekombuta yemagetsi kuti ugamuchire ruzivo rwakasiyana kuti uongorore uye ugadzirise, unongogona kudzoserwa uye kuparadzaniswa kunze kwemuviri wemukati nhengo dzemufananidzo, kusiyanisa nhengo dzakajairika kana dzisina kujairika, tsvaga chimiro chechirwere.Kuenzaniswa neX-ray tomography, MRI ine zvakanakira kuchengeteka, hapana marwadzo, hapana kukuvadzwa uye kusiyanisa kwakanyanya.Kubuda kweMRI kunoonekwa seshanduko yetekinoroji munhoroondo yemishonga yekuongorora.
Iyo inonyanya kushandiswa mukurapa ndeye magineti hole therapy ine isingawanzo pasi isingaperi magineti zvinhu.Nekuda kweiyo yakakwira magineti zvimiro zveasingawanzo pasi isingaperi magineti zvinhu, uye inogona kugadzirwa kuita akasiyana magineti ekurapa midziyo, uye isiri nyore kuita demagnetization, inogona kushandiswa pamuviri meridians acupoints kana pathological nzvimbo, zvirinani pane yechinyakare magineti therapy. effect.Kashoma pasi pechigarire magineti zvinhu zvinogadzirwa nemagineti ekurapa zvigadzirwa senge magineti necklace, magineti tsono, magineti yekuchengetedza hutano nzeve, kusimba magineti bracelet, magineti mvura kapu, magineti tsvimbo, magineti muzinga, magineti ibvi mudziviriri, magineti fudzi dziviriro, magineti bhandi, magineti. massager, nezvimwewo, izvo zvine mabasa e sedation, kunyaradza marwadzo, anti-inflammatory, depressurization, antidiarrhea uye zvichingodaro.
Zviridzwa
Auto Instrument Motor Precision Magnets: Inowanzoshandiswa muSmCo Magnets uye NdFeb Magnets.Diameter iri pakati pe1.6-1.8, kureba pakati pe0.6-1.0.Radial Magnetizing neNickel plating.
Magnetic flip level mita zvinoenderana neiyo buoyancy musimboti uye magineti coupling musimboti webasa.Kana mwero wemvura mumudziyo wakayerwa uchikwira nekudonha, iyo inoyangarara muchubhu inotungamira yemagineti flip plate level mita inosimukawo ichidonha.Iyo magineti yechigarire mukuyangarara inotamirwa kuchiratidzo chemunda kuburikidza nemagineti coupling, ichityaira iyo tsvuku uye chena flip column kuflip 180 °.Kana iyo nhanho yemvura yakwira, iyo flip column inoshanduka kubva kuchena kuenda kutsvuku, uye kana mwero wemvura wadonha, iyo flip column inoshanduka kubva kutsvuku kuenda kuchena.Muganhu mutsvuku uye muchena wechiratidzo ndiko kureba chaiko kweyero yemvura mumudziyo, kuitira kuratidza chiyero chemvura.
Nekuda kweiyo magnetic coupling isolator yakavharwa chimiro.Kunyanya akakodzera kutsva, kuputika uye corrosive toxic liquid level yekuona.Kuitira kuti iyo yepakutanga yakaoma nharaunda kuona kwemvura yemazinga zvinoreva kuve nyore, kuvimbika uye kuchengetedzeka.
