Ndeapi magineti maitiro anosanganisirwa mune zvisingaperi zvinhu?
Kuita kukuru kwemagineti kunosanganisira remanence(Br), magineti induction coercivity(bHc), intrinsic coercivity(jHc), uye yakanyanya simba chigadzirwa (BH)Max.Kunze kweavo, kune mamwe maitiro akati wandei: Curie Temperature(Tc), Working Temperature (Tw), tembiricha yetembiricha yeremanence(α), tembiricha yetembiricha yemukati coercivity(β), permeability kudzoreredza rec(μrec) uye demagnetization curve rectangularity. (Hk/jHc).
Chii chinonzi magnetic field simba?
Mugore ra1820, musayendisiti HCOersted muDenmark akawana tsono iri padyo newaya iri neazvino deflect, iyo inoratidza hukama hwekutanga pakati pemagetsi nemagnetism, saka, Electromagnetics yakazvarwa.Kudzidzira kunoratidza kuti kusimba kwesimba remagineti uye ikozvino neazvino iyo isingaperi waya inogadzirwa yakaitenderedza inoenzana nehukuru, uye inopindirana nechiyero kubva kune waya.MuSI unit system, tsananguro yekutakura 1 amperes yeazvino isingaperi waya iri chinhambwe che1/ waya (2 pi) magineti simba remamita chinhambwe ndeye 1A/m (an / M);kurangarira mupiro waOersted kune electromagnetism, muyuniti yeCGS system, tsananguro yekutakura 1 amperes yeazvino isingaperi conductor mune remagineti simba re0.2 waya kureba chinhambwe chiri 1Oe cm (Oster), 1/ (1Oe = 4 PI) * 103A/m, uye simba remagineti rinowanzo kuratidzwa muH.
Chii chinonzi magnetic polarization (J), chii chinonzi magnetization kusimbisa (M), ndeupi musiyano pakati pezviviri?
Zvidzidzo zvemazuva ano zvemagineti zvinoratidza kuti zviitiko zvese zvemagineti zvinobva kune yazvino, iyo inonzi magineti dipole. Iyo yakanyanya torque yemagnetic field muvacuum ndiyo magineti dipole nguva Pm pachikamu chekunze magineti, uye iyo magineti dipole nguva pachikamu chevhoriyamu zvinhu zvacho ndiJ, uye SI unit iT (Tesla).Iyo vector yenguva yemagineti pachikamu chehuwandu hwezvinhu ndeye M, uye iyo magineti nguva ndeye Pm/ μ0, uye iyo SI unit iA/m (M / m).Naizvozvo, hukama huri pakati peM naJ: J = μ0M, μ0 ndeyevacuum permeability, muSI unit, μ0 = 4π * 10-7H/m (H / m).
Chii chinonzi magnetic induction intensity (B), chii chinonzi magnetic flux density (B), chii chiri hukama pakati peB uye H, J, M?
Kana simba remagineti rinoshandiswa kune chero svikiro H, simba remagineti mukati mepakati harina kuenzana neH, asi simba remagineti reH pamwe nemagnetic medium J. Nokuti simba remagetsi mukati mezvinyorwa zvinoratidzwa nemagetsi. munda H kuburikidza nepakati pekuita induction.Kusiyana neH, tinoidaidza kuti magineti induction medium, inoratidzwa seB: B = μ0H+J (SI unit) B=H+4πM (CGS zvikamu)
Iyo unit yemagnetic induction intensity B ndeye T, uye CGS unit iGs (1T=10Gs).Magnetic phenomenon inogona kumiririrwa zvakajeka nemagineti mitsara, uye magineti induction B inogona zvakare kutsanangurwa semagineti flux density.Magnetic induction B uye magineti flux density B inogona kushandiswa pasi rose mune pfungwa.
Chii chinonzi remanence (Br), chinonzi magnetic coercive force (bHc), chii chinonzi intrinsic coercive force (jHc)?
Magnet magnetic field magnetization kusvika pakuzara mushure mekubviswa kwekunze kwemagineti munzvimbo yakavharwa, iyo magnetic polarization J uye yemukati magineti induction B uye haizonyangarika nekuda kwekutsakatika kweH uye yekunze magineti, uye ichachengetedza imwe saizi kukosha.Ukoshi uhwu hunodaidzwa kuti residual magnetic induction magnet, inonzi remanence Br, SI unit is T, CGS unit is Gs (1T=10⁴Gs).Iyo demagnetization curve yemagineti anogara, apo reverse remagineti H inokwira kune kukosha kwebHc, iyo magineti induction intensity yeB magineti yaive 0, inonzi H kukosha kweiyo reverse magineti yekumanikidza yebHc;mune reverse magineti H = bHc, hairatidze kugona kwekunze magineti flux, iko kumanikidza kwebHc hunhu hwechigarire magineti kurwisa rekunze reverse magineti kana imwe demagnetization maitiro.Coercivity bHc ndeimwe yeakakosha paramita yemagnetic wedunhu dhizaini.Kana iyo reverse magineti H = bHc, kunyangwe iyo magineti isingaratidzi iyo magineti inoyerera, asi iyo magineti intensity yemagineti J inoramba iri kukosha kukuru munzira yekutanga.Naizvozvo, iyo yemukati magineti zvimiro zvebhHc hazvina kukwana kuratidza magineti.Kana reverse remagineti H richiwedzera kusvika jHc, vector micromagnetic dipole magineti yemukati i 0. Reverse magnetic field value inonzi intrinsic coercivity yejHc.Coercivity jHc inonyanya kukosha yemuviri paramende yekusingaperi magineti zvinhu, uye ndiko hunhu hwechigarire magineti kurwisa kunze reverse remagineti kana imwe demagnetization mhedzisiro, kuchengetedza yakakosha index yekugona kwayo kwekutanga magineti.
Ndeipi iyo yakanyanya simba chigadzirwa (BH) m?
MuBH curve ye demagnetization yeanogara magineti zvinhu (pane yechipiri quadrant), akasiyana poindi inoenderana magineti ari munzvimbo dzakasiyana dzekushanda.Iyo BH demagnetization curve yeimwe poindi paBm neHm (yakachinjika uye yakatwasuka makongisheni) inomiririra saizi yemagineti uye magineti induction intensity uye magineti enzvimbo.Kugona kweBM neHM kweiyo yakazara kukosha kwechigadzirwa Bm * Hm iri pachinzvimbo cheiyo magineti yekunze basa, iyo yakaenzana neiyo magineti simba rakachengetwa mumagineti, inonzi BHmax.Iyo magineti iri munzvimbo yehukoshi hwepamusoro (BmHm) inomiririra kugona kushanda kwemagineti, inodaidzwa kuti yakanyanya simba chigadzirwa chemagineti, kana chigadzirwa chesimba, chinoratidzwa se (BH) m.BHmax unit muSI system ndeye J/m3 (joules / m3), uye CGS system yeMGOe , 1MGOe = 10²/4π kJ/m3.
Chii chinonzi Curie tembiricha (Tc), chii chiri kushanda tembiricha yemagineti (Tw), hukama pakati pavo?
Iyo tembiricha yeCurie ndiyo tembiricha iyo iyo magineti yemagineti yakaderedzwa kusvika zero, uye ndiyo yakakosha poindi yekushandurwa kweferromagnetic kana ferrimagnetic zvinhu kuita para-magnetic zvinhu.Iyo Curie tembiricha Tc inongoenderana nekuumbwa kwezvinhu uye haina hukama kune micro-chimiro chechinhu.Pane imwe tembiricha, iyo magineti zvimiro zvechigarire magineti zvinhu zvinogona kuderedzwa neyakatsanangurwa siyana kana ichienzaniswa neiyo pakamuri tembiricha.Tembiricha inonzi tembiricha yekushanda yemagineti Tw.Hukuru hwekudzikisira simba remagineti hunoenderana nekushandiswa kwemagineti, kukosha kusingaverengeki, iyo magineti isingaperi mumashandisirwo akasiyana ane tembiricha yekushanda yakasiyana Tw.Iyo Curie tembiricha yeTc magineti zvinhu inomiririra dzidziso yeiyo inoshanda tembiricha muganho wechinhu.Zvakakosha kucherechedza kuti kushanda kweTw yeimwe magineti asingagumi haisi kungoenderana neTc chete, asiwo ine chokuita nemagetsi emagetsi emagetsi, akadai sejHc, uye kushanda kwemagineti mune magnetic circuit.
Chii chinonzi magineti permeability yegineti yekusingaperi (μrec), chii chinonzi J demagnetization curve squareness (Hk / jHc), zvavanoreva?
Tsanangudzo yeDemagnetization curve yeBH magineti yekushanda poindi D inodzokorodza shanduko ye track line kumashure magineti dynamic, mutsetse wemutsara wekudzoka permeability μrec.Zviripachena, iyo yekudzoka permeability μrec inoratidza kugadzikana kwemagineti pasi pesimba rekushanda mamiriro.Ndiko kuenzana kwemagineti echigarire BH demagnetization curve, uye ndeimwe yeakakosha magineti maitiro emagineti echigarire.Kune sintered Nd-Fe-B magineti, μrec = 1.02-1.10, iyo idiki iyo μrec iri, zvirinani kugadzikana kwemagineti pasi pesimba rekushanda mamiriro.
Chii chinonzi magnetic circuit, chii chinonzi magnetic circuit yakavhurika, yakavharwa-circuit state?
Iyo magineti yedunhu inotaurwa kune chaiyo munda mugero remhepo, iyo inosanganiswa neimwe kana kuwanda kwemagineti echigarire, waya inotakura, simbi zvinoenderana neimwe chimiro uye saizi.Simbi inogona kuve yakachena simbi, yakaderera kabhoni simbi, Ni-Fe, Ni-Co alloy ine yakakwirira permeability zvinhu.Simbi yakapfava, inozivikanwawo sejoko, inotamba inoyerera inodzora kuyerera, inowedzera yemuno magineti induction intensity, kudzivirira kana kuderedza kudonhedza kwemagineti, uye kuwedzera simba remuchina wezvikamu zvebasa mudunhu remagineti.Magineti mamiriro egineti rimwe chete anowanzo kutaurwa senzvimbo yakavhurika kana simbi yakapfava isipo;kana magineti iri mumhepo inoyerera yakaumbwa nesimbi yakapfava, magineti inonzi iri munzvimbo yakavharwa yedunhu.
Ndeapi ma mechanic properties ye sintered Nd-Fe-B magineti?
Iyo mechanic zvimiro zve sintered Nd-Fe-B magineti:
| Bending Strength /MPa | Kusimbisa Simba /MPa | Kuoma /Hv | Yong Modulus /kN/mm2 | Elongation/% |
| 250-450 | 1000-1200 | 600-620 | 150-160 | 0 |
Izvo zvinogona kuoneka kuti iyo sintered Nd-Fe-B magineti ndeye yakajairika brittle zvinhu.Munguva yekugadzira machining, kuunganidza uye kushandisa magineti, zvinofanirwa kutarisisa kudzivirira magineti kubva pakubatwa zvakanyanya, kudhumhana, uye kunyanyisa kushushikana, kuitira kudzivirira kuputika kana kudonha kwemagineti.Zvinokosha kuziva kuti simba remagineti reSintered Nd-Fe-B magineti rakasimba kwazvo munzvimbo ine magineti, vanhu vanofanirwa kuchengetedza kuchengetedzwa kwavo pavanenge vachishanda, kudzivirira zvigunwe kukwira nechisimba chakasimba chekusveta.
Ndezvipi zvinhu zvinokanganisa kurongeka kweiyo sintered Nd-Fe-B magineti?
Izvo zvinhu zvinokanganisa kurongeka kweiyo sintered Nd-Fe-B magineti ndeye kugadzira michina, maturusi uye tekinoroji yekugadzira, uye tekinoroji yeanoshanda, etc. Mukuwedzera, iyo micro-chimiro chechinhu chine simba guru pa kurongeka kwemagineti.Semuyenzaniso, magineti ine main phase coarse tsanga, pamusoro pekuti ine gomba pa machining state;magineti abnormal zviyo kukura, pamusoro machining mamiriro ari nyore kuva nemasvosve gomba;kuwanda, kuumbwa uye kutaridzika hazvina kuenzana, saizi yechamfer ichave isina kuenzana;magineti ine yakakwira okisijeni yemukati ine brittle, uye inogara ichidonha kubva pakona panguva yekugadzira machining;iyo magineti chikamu chikuru chembeu dzakaomarara uye Nd hupfumi hwechikamu chekugovera haisi yunifomu, yunifomu yeplating adhesion neiyo substrate, iyo coating ukobvu kufanana, uye kushora kwekupotera kuchave kwakanyanya kupfuura chikamu chikuru chezviyo zvakanaka uye yunifomu kugoverwa kweNd. rakapfuma chikamu musiyano magineti muviri.Kuti uwane yakakwira chaiyo sintered Nd-Fe-B zvigadzirwa zvemagineti, injinjiniya yekugadzira zvinhu, mainjiniya emuchina uye mushandisi anofanira kutaurirana zvizere uye kubatana.